What are stretcher bar frames?
A stretcher bar is a support frame used by artists to mount canvas material for their canvases. They are called this because the canvas is usually stretched across the frame and then fastened on the bars with staples, tacks, metal spline, or other fasteners. Stretcher frames are typically rectangular in shape, however, many artists enjoy painting on square, oval, and even round stretched canvases.
What is their construction?
The majority of stretcher frames are constructed of soft, light-colored wood, metal, or a combination of the two. They can be purchased pre-manufactured from art supply retailers, however, many artists prefer to construct the canvas supports themselves. Stretcher bars come in various weights and sizes to suit the specifications of different types of canvases. These include:
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- Lightweight (5/8″) — ideal for smaller paintings
- Standard (3/4″–7/8″) — most widely used stretcher bar and best if the artwork is going to be framed
- Gallery (1-1/2″) — thicker stretcher that makes it more difficult for framing
- Museum (2″ and thicker) — usually hung on the wall unframed
Most stretcher bar frames are joined at an angle at the corner. This is called a miter. A mitered corner is the most common type for modern-day paintings of the 1900s or later. Small wooden shims, called keys, are then used in the corners to help keep the canvas stretched tight on the bars and prevent the bars from warping.
Additional Reading
The Many Types of Oil Painting Surfaces
Types of Canvas Available for Painting
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UPDATED: 09 June 2021